{"id":2628,"date":"2023-01-31T15:16:46","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T14:16:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citech.fr\/what-is-software-integration\/"},"modified":"2023-01-31T15:38:19","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T14:38:19","slug":"what-is-software-integration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citech.fr\/en\/what-is-software-integration\/","title":{"rendered":"What is software integration ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><strong>Historical issue<\/strong><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2620 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"Software integration\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-1920x2880.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-618x927.jpg 618w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5935791-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>How did software integration come about ?<\/p>\n<p>As computer systems grew and developed, they also grew apart. Thus, solutions from different vendors could no longer communicate with each other.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, the elements of a company's IT stack were connected only by the fact that they belonged to the same company.<\/p>\n<p>A solution had to be found to organize this environment and avoid repetition of tasks.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Concept of software integration<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The notion of software integration finds its essence in the <strong>connection<\/strong> and <strong>unification <\/strong>of different types of software components of a computer \"macro-system\".<\/p>\n<p>In the classic software development process, it occurs <strong>after the coding and unit test execution phase <\/strong>: it is an <strong>inevitable<\/strong> step in the software life cycle.<\/p>\n<p>During this stage, the different modules of the software are integrated at <strong>successive levels<\/strong> in accordance with the specifications of the integration tests.<\/p>\n<p>For example, we can test :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>that the modules linked to a usage relationship work correctly together ;<\/li>\n<li>that a task, or a specific functionality works correctly using the modules on which it relies ;<\/li>\n<li>that several functionalities, more or less linked by multitasking or successive mechanisms in the nominal use of the software tool, work correctly ;<\/li>\n<li>that once all the functionalities are grouped together, the software works in a global way.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The <strong>software integration test specification document<\/strong> describes the tests and test cases to be performed during the software integration phase. The <strong>Test report<\/strong> document transcribes their results.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Software integration : why ? <\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><strong>Benefits<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Nowadays, many companies in various fields rely on increasingly complex information systems.<\/p>\n<p>As these macro-systems are themselves composed of sub-systems, each specific application involved not only meets a precise functional need, but may require information managed by other ancillary applications that are also part of these systems.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, it can also produce a quantity of information necessary for the proper functioning of the other applications making up the system. This is the main reason why the software integration of data sources has become an <strong>essential and indispensable<\/strong> step.<\/p>\n<p>This step also addresses a wide range of data source issues :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>legacy software using obsolete databases and other technologies<\/li>\n<li>diverse, disparate data sources, sometimes on different platforms<\/li>\n<li>data structure that can be modified over time and sometimes in a format that can become difficult to interpret or ambiguous<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Connecting data, applications, APIs, and devices increases <strong>efficiency<\/strong>,<strong> productivity<\/strong>, and<strong> business agility<\/strong>, among other things.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, IT integration represents a key aspect of the transformation of a company and its adaptation to the evolution of the market, adding considerable value : by connecting the different functions of several subsystems, it is strongly possible to <strong>offer new functionalities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Disadvantages<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The field of software integration has some limitations :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Software integration solutions are generally <strong>proprietary solutions<\/strong>, insofar as the protocol used for message exchange and transport, the application access connectors and the data formats used are still largely specific and proprietary. This requires in some cases the use of other technologies for reasons of <strong>performance<\/strong> and <strong>quality of service<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Current software integration solutions are infrastructures built <strong>without a strategic vision<\/strong>. They are essentially based on technologies, and are not sufficient to have an optimal and efficient integration of applications.<\/li>\n<li>The proposed integration solutions are essentially based on mechanisms for interconnecting applications at the technical and syntactic levels (mapping mechanisms or syntactic transformations), but they do not, for the moment, adequately address the problem of <strong>semantic integration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Current software integration solutions suffer from a <strong>lack of adaptability<\/strong>, which is a fundamental and necessary principle especially in certain cases related to organizational, technical and functional changes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Current software integration solutions suffer from a <strong>lack of services<\/strong> for business process modeling and integration.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Methodologies : what architecture should be adopted ?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Integration architectures are the foundation for the implementation of different integration technologies.<\/p>\n<p>There are two basic types of integration architectures : <strong>the Hub-and-Spoke architecture<\/strong> and the <strong>bus architecture<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>All other architectures are hybrid forms combining the two basic forms hub-and-spoke and bus, such as <strong>the multi-hub architecture<\/strong> for example :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hub-and-spoke architecture : this is the <strong>centralized model<\/strong> for software integration solutions. It corresponds to a star pattern that consists of deploying in a single focal point. It allows to encapsulate the interaction logic of the application, minimizing the communication dependencies between applications to pass information and treatments between them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2592\" src=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/hub_spoke-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Hub-and-spoke architecture\" width=\"462\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/hub_spoke-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/hub_spoke-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/hub_spoke-618x464.jpg 618w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/hub_spoke.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bus architecture : this is the <strong>decentralized model<\/strong> of Integration solutions. It consists of distributing the set of services of the infrastructure on nodes, which are the connection points to an application that allow the process automation logic and the applications to be encapsulated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2596\" src=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/esb_architecture-300x154.png\" alt=\"Bus architecture\" width=\"440\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/esb_architecture-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/esb_architecture-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/esb_architecture-618x317.png 618w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/esb_architecture.png 975w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Multi-hub architecture : this model combines the two Hub-and-Spoke approaches and the bus approach, thus highlighting the subdivision of the information system into several information blocks, generally resulting from an upstream urbanization approach. <strong>Intra-blocks<\/strong> integration is performed according to the <strong>hub-and-spoke<\/strong> typology, while <strong>inter-blocks<\/strong>is generally performed according to a <strong>bus<\/strong> typology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2607\" src=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Point-vs-Hub-866x400-1-300x234.png\" alt=\"Intra-blocks integration\" width=\"349\" height=\"272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Point-vs-Hub-866x400-1-300x234.png 300w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Point-vs-Hub-866x400-1.png 404w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>The different levels of integration<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The integration can concern one or more levels of the information system and the company's applications. We note :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Integration at the <strong>data<\/strong> level : integration at this level is achieved by <strong>migrating data<\/strong> from one database to another without the need to introduce changes to the logic of the company's applications.<\/li>\n<li>Integration at the <strong>treatments<\/strong> level : allows applications to share the functionalities offered by other heterogeneous and independent applications through the invocation of the services they expose. The simplest mechanism to achieve this type of integration is the <strong>use of APIs<\/strong> (Application Programming Interface), or <strong>web services<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Integration at the <strong>process<\/strong> level : allows the sharing of business logic, as well as the integration of new applications across existing applications. This allows you to create a new interface or integrate a new application. This approach is generally based on the implementation of an <strong>orchestration engine<\/strong>, or a <strong>workflow engine<\/strong>, in order to link and integrate the applications in a common process.<\/li>\n<li>Integration <strong>by presentation<\/strong> (user interfaces) : this approach, also called <strong>screen-scrapping<\/strong>,\u00a0allows to link the integration logic in the user interface. The integration at this level is done by developing a <strong>common (shared) interface<\/strong> to expose the different applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2600\" src=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"Levels of integration\" width=\"383\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-768x551.jpg 768w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-618x444.jpg 618w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-306x220.jpg 306w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration-416x299.jpg 416w, https:\/\/citech.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Lesniveauxdintegration.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you have a specific need, check our <a href=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/en\/our-offers\/technical-assistance\/\">technical assistance<\/a> offer !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>Editing : Jaccepte Mbana &amp; Sophie Berbey.<\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To go further, here are some sources on the subject of integration :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redhat.com\/fr\/topics\/integration\/what-is-integration\">Integration, what is it ?<\/a> (Article)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/theses.hal.science\/tel-00780240\/document\">Integration of industrial information systems<\/a> (Thesis)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bu.umc.edu.dz\/theses\/informatique\/BEN5373.pdf\">A process of Integration of Intra &amp; Inter-Enterprise Applications<\/a> (Memoir)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr\/tel-00523175\/document\">Integration of technical information systems for the operation of structures<\/a> (Thesis)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historical issue How did software integration come about ? As computer systems grew and developed, they also grew apart. Thus, solutions from different vendors could no longer communicate with each other. As a result, the elements of a company's IT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-digital-factory-en-2","category-technical-assistance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Software integration : what is it ? - Citech<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The notion of software integration finds its essence in the connection and unification within a computer &quot;macro-system&quot;.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/citech.fr\/en\/what-is-software-integration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Software integration : what is it ? 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